关于构建高校突发事件应急管理机制的思考

Reflection of constructing university emergency management mechanism

建立健全高校突发事件应急管理机制,增强高校的应急管理能力,是积极预防和妥善处置高校突发事件的必然要求。本文界定了高校突发事件应急管理机制的内涵,指出高校突发事件应急管理机制具有协调、发展、稳定与规范等功能,阐述当前高校突发事件应急管理机制建设中主要存在应急管理理念滞后、应急管理制度缺乏、应急预案可操作性不强、应急管理模式落后、心理干预薄弱等问题的基础上,认为高校突发事件应急管理机制至少应包含五个核心要素,即由应急管理理念创新机制、危机教育机制、心理危机干预机制、师生利益诉求反映机制组成的应急预防机制、由预案制定机制、应急保障机制组成的应急准备机制、监测预警机制、由救援处理机制、综合协调机制、信息披露机制组成的应急处置机制、由恢复重建机制、调查评价机制、心理恢复机制组成的善后处理机制。

It is inevitable demand of preventing actively and handling properly university emergency to establish and improve university emergency management mechanism and strengthen universities＇ emergency management ability.In this paper the connotation of university emergency management mechanism was defined and it was pointed out that it has coordinated,developmental,stable and regulatory functions.At present,there were the following problems：hysteretic emergency management idea,scarce emergency management system,without exercisable emergency response plans,backward emergency management mode,weak psychological intervention in the process of constructing university emergency management mechanism.At least,university emergency management mechanism should include the following five central elements.First,emergency prevention mechanism.It includes idea innovation mechanism,crisis education mechanism,psychological crisis intervention mechanism and benefits response mechanism.Second,emergency preparation mechanism.It includes emergency response plan mechanism and emergency indemnity mechanism.Third,monitoring and early warning mechanism.Fourth,emergency response mechanism.It includes mutual aid mechanism,coordination mechanism and information disclosure Mechanism.Fifth,after-care treatment mechanism.It includes reconstruction mechanism,survey and assessment mechanism and psychology recovery mechanism.