382例早产儿颅脑超声检查及结果分析

Trancranial Sonography and Results Analysis of 382 Cases Premature Infant

目的总结超声在早产儿颅脑损伤中的应用。方法运用高频凸阵小型超声探头对382例早产儿颅脑进行检查,用彩色多普勒超声对大脑中动脉(MCA)最大血流速度(PS)及阻力指数(RI)进行测定。结果 382例早产儿中发生缺血缺氧性脑病89例(23.3%),脑实质回声增强26例(6.8%),侧脑室扩张9例(2.4%),脑室周围白质软化5例(1.3%),脑囊肿4例(1%)。在脑血流动力学方面,当早产儿的脑血流调节功能受到破坏时,表现为持续性低RI值,RI值愈低,病情愈重。结论超声对早产儿颅脑检查,对临床医生治疗及对预后评估有着重要价值。且超声检查方便价廉,临床医生及患儿家属更易接受。

Objective Evaluate the value of trancranial sonography for the premature infant＇s craniocerebral injury. Methods Using high frequency convex probe to scan 382 cases premature infant＇s craniocerebral and measuring Peak Velocity（PS） and Resistive Index（RI） of Middle Cerebral Artery（MCA） with Color Doppler ultrasound. Results Of 382 cases premature infants,there is 89 cases hypoxie-ischemic encephalopathy,26 cases hyperechoic cerebral parenehyma,9 cases ventriculomegaly,5 cases periventricular leukomalacia,4 cases perencephaly. When cerebral blood autoregulation of preterm infants is destroyed,RI is always low and the lower,the more severe. Conclusion Ultrasound is a convenient and noninvasive method for premature infants craniocerebral examination and is beneficial for clinical therapy and prognosis estimation.