正常小儿寰枢椎的多层螺旋CT表现

Multi-slice Spiral CT Appearances of the Atlantoaxial Spine in Normal Children

目的观察正常小儿寰枢椎的MSCT表现。方法对32例2-13岁正常小儿寰枢椎进行多层螺旋CT扫描,分析其MSCT图像。结果寰椎前弓双侧部骨骺板融合时间为6-7岁,后弓正中部为3-4岁。枢椎齿状突尖部骨骺出现时间多数是5-6岁,骨骺融合时间是9-10岁。齿状突上部形状在冠状位上似双乳突状或蜡烛火焰状,在横断位上似豆瓣状或花蕊状。齿状突基底部骨骺板形似裂隙状,融合时间多为5岁以后。正常小儿寰齿前间距平均值是2.05±0.45mm,寰椎两侧侧块外缘与齿状突中心距离差平均值是0.94±0.84mm。结论正确认识正常小儿寰枢椎的各种MSCT表现,有利于提高小儿寰枢椎损伤或发育畸形的诊断和鉴别诊断水平。

Objective To observe multi-slice spiralCT（MSCT） appearances of the atlantoaxial spine in normal children. Methods The atlantoaxial spine of 32 normal children（aged 2-13 years old） were scanned with MSCT, the MSCT findings were reviewed and analyzed. Results The fusional time of bilateral epiphyseal plate of the anterior arch of the atlas is in 6-7 years old, and the middle epiphyseal plate of the posterior arch of the atlas is in 3-4 years old. The epiphysis of the dens tip of the axis mostly appears in 5-6 years old ,the epiphyseal fusional time is in 9-10 years old. The shape of upper dens is similar to double-papillary or a candle-flame shaped on the coronal and is similar to bean-petal or stamen on the transverse. The epiphyseal plate of the base of dens is slit-shaped, the fusional time of epiphyseal plate is mostly after the age of 5. The average of the atlanto-dental interval is 2.05±0.45mm, and the average of the outer edge of the bilateral mass of atlas and the center of dens distance difference is 0. 94 ± 0.84mm. Conclusion It is useful for improving the capabilities of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the atlantoaxial spine injuries or abnormity in children to recognize various MSCT appearances of the atlantoaxial spine in normal children correctly.