田间矿化水灌溉下小麦和甜菜的离子区隔化

COMPARTMENTATION OF IONS IN WHEAT ANDSUGAR BEET IRRIGATED WITH BRACKISHWATER UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

通过田间灌溉试验，研究了矿化水灌溉下小麦和甜菜对离子的选择吸收及其区隔化。随着灌溉水中ＮａＣｌ含量的增加，小麦茎、鞘、叶、颖的离子吸收的选择系数ＳＫ，Ｎａ逐渐降低，而根和籽粒的ＳＫ，Ｎａ逐渐增加。小麦和甜菜各器官的离子吸收的选择系数ＳＣｌ，Ｎａ都随灌溉水中ＮａＣｌ含量的增加而逐渐降低。小麦地上部各器官的ＳＫ，Ｎａ：ＳＣｌ，Ｎａ都大于根；而甜菜叶的ＳＫ，Ｎａ大于根，ＳＣｌ，Ｎａ在二者之中的差异不大，由于Ｋ＋的再转移和分配，甜菜枯叶的Ｎａ／Ｋ大于叶。小麦和甜菜对离子的选择吸收和运输使Ｎａ和Ｃｌ主要分布于对生长和产量影响最小的部分，即小麦的茎和鞘，甜菜的枯叶。

The uptake selectivity, transport and compartmentation of ions in wheat and sugarbeet irrigated with brackish water were studied under field conditions. SK,Na(K/ Naselectivity) increased gradually in the stem, sheath, leaf and husk of wheat butdecreased gradually in the roots and seed of wheat and in the roots and leaves ofsugar beet with increasing NaCl content in irrigation water. SCl,Na(Cl / Na selectivity)was reduced in the all parts of wheat and sugar beet with increasing NaCl content ofirrigation water. SK,Na and SCl,Na in the aerial parts were higher than those in the rootof wheat but lower than or equal to those in the root of sugar beet. These resultsindicated that ion transport from root to aerial parts of wheat was much different fromthat of sugar beet. The selective uptake and transport of ions by wheat and sugar beetmade Na and Cl distribute mainly in the parts, i.e., the stem and sheath of wheat andthe dead leaves of sugar beet, which have little effect on their growth and yields.