两型农业建设中相关利益主体间的博弈分析

An Analysis of the Construction of Two Types of Agriculture among Stakeholders by the Game Theory

资源节约型、环境友好型农业(简称两型农业)建设离不开政府(中央政府和地方政府)、涉农企业和农户。这个过程中也会产生委托—代理问题。基于利益相关者理论,深入分析中央与地方政府之间、地方政府之间、地方政府与涉农企业(农民)之间、涉农企业与农民之间、涉农企业(农民)之间的博弈行为。发展两型农业是利益主体之间动态博弈的结果,但是需要对地方政府、涉农企业和农户实施"引导"。这种"引导",可以使地方政府、涉农企业和农户有充分的信心选择两型生产。需要依靠加大投入力度、促进科技进步、建立科学的政绩评价体系和公众参与制度、加强行业自律和利益协调机制等办法来改进相关主体的博弈行为。

The construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly agriculture （two types of agriculture） is inseparable from the central and local governments,agriculture-related businesses and farmers.This process also has a commission-agent problem.Based on stakeholders theory,the paper analyzes the game behavior between various possible stakeholders：central and local governments,agriculture-related businesses and farmers.It is the results of the dynamic game of stakeholders.However,all of them should be guided according to repeated game theory.It make them have full confidence in selection.The game of related subject should be improved by increasing investment,relying on scientific and technological progress,establishing scientific achievement evaluation system and the public participation system,and strengthening self-discipline and interest coordination mechanism.