高功能孤独障碍儿童抑制功能的脑近红外成像研究

Response inhibition in children with high functioning autism:A near-infrared spectroscopy study

目的:探讨高功能孤独障碍儿童是否存在抑制功能缺陷。方法:运用反应/不反应任务对33名符合美国精神病学会《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)男性高功能孤独障碍儿童和19名对照组儿童进行抑制功能测试,同时采用功能性近红外光学成像技术(near-infrared spectroscopy,NIRS)测量并比较两组儿童在执行抑制任务时大脑前额叶的含氧血红蛋白含量的差异,运用多变量方差分析进行统计。结果:高功能孤独障碍儿童在执行不反应任务中的误按数[(6.03±4.82)vs.(2.84±1.61)]及平均反应时[(564.55±124.90)msvs.(473.63±45.63)ms]均高于对照组(P<0.05)。控制智商因素后,两组的平均反应时差异仍有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NIRS显示高功能孤独障碍儿童执行抑制任务时的右侧前额叶含氧血红蛋白激活量较正常对照组降低[(-0.34±0.45)10-2×a.uvs.(0.15±0.69)10-2×a.u],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:高功能孤独障碍儿童存在抑制功能缺陷。

Objective： To investigate the difference in cognitive function domains of response inhibition between children with high functioning autism （HFA） and healthy controls. Methods： Go/no-go task were applied to assess the function of response inhibition in 33 boys with HFA and 19 normal controls. Oxygenated hemoglobin （oxyHb } concentration levels in prefrontal cortex area were obtained by functional near-infrared spectroscopy （NIRS） . Then these boys with HFA were compared with healthy controls by multivariate analysis of variance （MANOVA） . Results： The HFA group had more commission errors [ （6. 03 ±4. 82） vs. {2. 84± 1.61 ）, P 〈 0.05] and longer reaction time [ （564.55 ±124.90） ms vs. （473.63 ±45.63} ms, P〈0.05] than control group in no-go task. After controlling for IQ, the two groups still had significant difference in reaction time { P 〈 0.05 } ; Concentration levels of oxyHb in I-IFA group decreased in the fight prefrontal cortex area during performing no-go task than that in controls [ （ - 0. 34 ± 0. 45 ） 10^-2×a.u vs. { 0. 15 ± 0. 69） 10^-2×a.u, P 〈 0. 05 ] . Conclusion： There are significant deficiencies in response inhibition in children with high functioning autism.