水库中几种主要微量营养元素的分布与变动

Research on the Distribution and Variation of the Major Nutrient Trace Elements in a Reservoir

实验研究了一个中型水库（黄同水库）中几种主要微量营养元素（Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ）的存在形态、分布及其季节变动。主要结果为：（１）水库中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ和Ｃｕ的平均总浓度分别为３６４．３、１１２．１、９６．０１和３．２４μｇ／Ｌ；Ｍｏ的溶解态平均浓度为３．２６μｇ／Ｌ。Ｆｅ和Ｍｎ以颗粒态为其主要存在形式，而Ｚｎ和Ｃｕ则以溶解态为主。（２）该水库５种微量元素的水平分布呈均匀化特征，但其浓度具有较明显的季节性变化。其垂直分布互有差异，Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ随水层深度增加而递减，而Ｃｕ和Ｍｏ的垂直变化甚小。（３）微量元素存在形态与水化学因子存在一定相关性，ＰＦｅ、ＰＺｎ、ＰＣｕ与ＤＯ间具有良好负相关，而ＤＺｎ、ＤＣｕ、ＤＭｏ和ＰＺｎ、ＰＦｅ与叶绿素间均呈紧密正相关。

The distribution and variation of five major nutrient trace elements, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Mo, in a middle sized reservoir, the Huangtong Reservoir, in Pingdu Country, Shandong Province, were studied from April 1994 to March 1993. The chief results are as follows: (1) The averaged concentrations of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in all forms and the concentration in dissolved form of Mo are 364.3, 112.1, 96.01, 3.24 and 3.26 μg/L respectively. The particulate form is the main existing form for Fe and Mn in the water of the resevoir, and the dissolved form was the main form for Cu and Zn: (2) The trace elements tend to have an even horizontal distribution, though their concentration has an obvious seasonal variation. In terms of vertical distribtion, the concentration of Fe, Mn and Zn decreases remarkably with increasing depth, while that of Cu and Mo has little change in relation to depth; (3) There are relatively close positive correlations between the concentration of the dissolved Zn, Cu, Mo and the particulate Fe, Zn on one hand and that of chlorophyll on the other hand. A good negative correlation also exists between the concentration of the particulate Fe, Mn and Cu and that of the dissolved oxygen.