鱼腥草注射液致类过敏反应的物质及其作用机制研究

Material and mechanisms induced pseudo allergic reactions of Yuxingcao injection

目的：探讨鱼腥草注射液的类过敏反应特点、致类过敏反应的物质及其作用机制。方法：将比格犬随机分为4组：对照组,聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇单油酸脂（吐温80）组,去吐温80鱼腥草注射液组,含0.5%吐温80鱼腥草注射液组。对照组动物静脉注射给予生理盐水;其余3组动物分别静脉注射相应的受试物;各组均注射1次。注射后即刻开始至给药后30min内,观察动物出现类似过敏反应的症状;于注射前及注射后10,30 min分别测定动物血压及呼吸频率,并经股静脉取血,分离血清。采用ELISA方法测定血清组织胺（HIS）、总补体活性（CH50）以及末端补体复合物（C5b-9）含量。结果：0.5%吐温80组及含0.5%吐温80鱼腥草注射液组的所有动物于给药后2~5 min开始出现类似过敏反应的症状,表现为耳部和口鼻皮肤红肿、挠头挠耳、甩头、恶心、添舌、烦躁不安等症状,动物步态不稳,有的动物静卧、排尿、排便,伴紫绀、呼吸加快、血压降低等,2组的阳性反应率均为100%。对照组及去吐温80鱼腥草注射液组的所有动物在注射后均未出现上述行为、皮肤、呼吸、血压等改变,阳性反应率均为0%。给药后10 min,0.5%吐温80组的CH50含量较对照组明显降低,C5b-9含量较对照组明显升高;给药后30 min,各组之间无明显差异;给药10 min及30 min,各组组胺含量无明显差异。结论：犬静脉注射0.5%吐温80和含0.5%吐温80鱼腥草注射液后,均出现强烈的类过敏反应,而去吐温80鱼腥草注射液则不诱导类过敏反应,表明鱼腥草注射液的过敏反应与其助溶剂吐温80有关。吐温80的类过敏反应与补体激活有关。

Objective： To investigate the characteristics,sensitizin and the mechanism of pseudo allergic reaction induced by Yuxingcao injection.Method： Beagle dogs were randomly assigned to control group,0.5% tween 80 group,Yuxingcao injection without tween 80 group,Yuxingcao injection included 0.5% tween 80 group.The animals in control group were intravenously injected with saline.The other group were intravenously injected with the corresponding test substances.Observe pseudo anaphylaxis of Beagle dogs within 30 min after administration.Blood pressure and respiration rate of Beagle dogs were measured before and after injection drugs 10 min and 30 min respectively.The pseudo allergic reactions were scored at same time points,and the sera of animals were collected to determine the HIS,CH50 and C5b-9 concentration using ELISA.Result： The scores of allergic reaction in 0.5% tween 80 group and Yuxingcao injection included 0.5% tween 80 group was evidently higher than that in control group in 2-5 min after administration.Animals of above two groups showed the symptoms of red swelling on ear part,pruritus,throwing the head,nausea,lapping the tongue,dysphoria and bradykinesia.Some of them had behaved with repose,urination,defecation,cyanosis,the frequency of breathes accelerating and blood pressure decreasing.The rate of pseudo allergic reactions was 100%.Serum CH50 concentration of 0.5% tween 80 group decreased 10 min after injection,while C5b-9 concentration increased.No obvious differences were observed 30 min after injection.There was no significant difference in HIS concentration between control group and treatment groups.Conclusion： The pseudo allergic reactions appeared after intravenous 0.5% tween 80 and Yuxingcao injection when mixed with tween 80.Furthermore,Yuxingcao injection without tween 80 did not induce pseudo allergic reactions.It was suggested that the pseudo allergic reactions of Yu Xing Cao Injection was related to the cosolvent tween 80.The pseudo allergic reactions of tween 80 may relate to the activation of complement.