三甲基氯化锡的大鼠及小鼠蓄积毒性实验研究

Research on the accumulative toxicity of trimethyltin chloride in rats and mice

目的探讨三甲基氯化锡(TMT)在大小鼠体内的蓄积毒性。方法采用霍恩氏法测定TMT对昆明小鼠急性经口半数致死量(LD50)值;用剂量递增法测定TMT经口灌胃在SD大鼠和KM小鼠体内的蓄积系数,并观察死亡大鼠主要靶器官的病理学变化。结果 TMT经口灌胃对雌、雄性SD大鼠的蓄积系数均为K=1.7;TMT对雌、雄性KM小鼠的LD50分别为3.69和3.16mg/kg体质量,蓄积系数均为K=3.8。TMT主要引起小脑皮质弥漫性的脂肪空泡形成,脑干神经元肿胀、坏死,脾脏弥漫性纤维化。结论 TMT对大鼠属明显蓄积,对小鼠属中等蓄积,主要病理损伤器官为小脑、脑干和脾脏。

Objective To study the accumulative effect of trimethyltin chloride （TMT） in rats and mice.Methods Mice were treated with TMT by gavage to measure the acute toxicity （LD50） based on Horn’s method.SD rats and Kunming mice were given TMT by the method of dose escalation,respectively.The accumulative coefficients （K） in rats and mice were calculated.The histopathological changes of main target organs of the deceased rats were observed.Results K of TMT in rats was 1.7 in both genders.The LD50 of mice was 3.69 and 3.16 mg/kg bodyweight in female and male,respectively,and K was 3.8 in both genders.Diffuse fatty vacuolization in cerebellar cortex,swelling and necrosis of neuron in brainstem and diffuse fibrosis in spleen were observed in rats treated with TMT.Conclusion The accumulation toxicities of TMT on rats and mice were significant and medium respectively.The main pathological changes were found in cerebellum,brainstem and spleen.