粉末冶金齿轮材料进展

ADVANCES IN P/M GEAR MATERIALS

对于生产齿轮与类似的最终形零件,粉末冶金是一种有效工艺。鉴于因固有孔隙度产生的限制和受限制于可用的合金系统,传统的粉末冶金齿轮应用皆用于受力较小者。近年来,采用新压制工艺和新合金材料生产的粉末冶金零件,其屈服强度与抗拉强度皆显著增高,已接近锻造齿轮材料的水平。这篇论文将评述新粉末冶金工艺与新材料,和他们对齿轮类应用的适用性。另外,还将和常用的汽车齿轮材料(包括球墨铸铁、可锻铸铁及锻轧低合金钢)的力学性能进行比较。

Powder Metallurgy is an efficient manufacturing process for the production of gearing and similar net shape components.Because of limitations arising from the inherent porosity and limited alloy systems available,the traditional use of P/M gearing was for relatively low stress applications.The recent introduction of new compaction techniques and new alloy materials has produced P/M components with significantly higher yield and tensile strengths approaching the strength levels of wrought gearing materials.The new P/M processes and materials and their suitability for gear type applications are reviewed with.Mechanical properies compared with those of common automotive gearing materials including ductile and malleable cast irons and wrought low alloy steels.