市场化改革与违法：来自中国土地违法案件的证据

Market Reform and Illegal Action:Evidence from China's Land Lawbreaking

市场化改革可以减少寻租空间,从而降低腐败等违法案件的发生。我国国有土地出让所经历的市场化改革,为验证上述结论提供了很好的例证。本文利用2003—2007年的省级面板数据,研究了不同的土地出让方式对土地违法案件的影响。我们发现,市场化程度较低的协议出让和挂牌出让方式会对违法案件的数量和涉案面积构成正向的影响,而市场化程度较高的招标和拍卖出让方式则有助于遏制土地违法案件的发生。分地区的比较显示,东部地区的土地违法案件受市场化影响程度最大,中部和西部地区则不然,这可能源于各地区市场化改革的深入程度的不同。

Market reform can reduce the room for rent-seeking, which further decreases the frequency of lawbreaking. The reform of the use-rights-granting of China＇s state-owned land provides us with a good opportunity to test this hypothesis. Using provincial level panel-data from 2003 to 2007, we study the impact of the type of granting on the frequency of lawbreaking cases and the total size of land involved. We find that a higher degree of competitiveness corresponds to a lower frequency of land lawbreaking, especially in east China.