考研复试者心理防御机制的特点分析

Analysis on Characteristic of Psychological Defense Mechanism in Postgraduate Entrance Re-examinee

目的了解考研复试者心理防御机制的特点。方法使用海斯曼心理CT系统对496名医学硕士研究生复试者和48名健康体验者进行明尼苏达多相人格调查问卷(MMPI)的测试,采用协方差分析对数据进行分析。结果 1女性考研复试者的退缩和转移分数低于男性(42.1±8.3分vs44.1±9.0分,P<0.05;42.8±8.3分vs44.8±9.4分,P<0.05);本科者的退缩和转移分数低于大专者(42.9±8.6分vs49.2±8.1分,P<0.05;43.6±8.9分vs50.1±4.6分,P<0.01);未婚者的退缩分数高于已婚者(43.4±8.6分vs41.1±8.5分,P<0.05);2经协方差分析控制性别、婚姻状况和受教育程度的影响后,考研复试者的否认分数低于健康体验组(55.3±10.4分;59.2±9.0分,P<0.05),而转移分数高于健康体验者(44.1±8.9分;40.5±7.0分,P<0.05)。结论考研复试者的心理防御机制存在性别差异,受到婚姻状况和受教育程度的影响,具有倾向于使用转移而较少使用否认的防御风格。

Objective To study the psychological defense mechanism of postgraduate entrance re-examinee.Methods A total of 48 examinee in physical fitness test and 496 examinee in entrance re-examination of medical postgraduate were investigated with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory（MMPI）.Results ①Female postgraduate entrance re-examinee had lower scores of regression and displacement than the male（42.1±8.3 vs 44.1±9.0,42.8±8.3 vs 44.8±9.4,P〈0.05）.Graduates had lower scores of regression and displacement than junior college students（42.9±8.6 vs 49.2±8.1,43.6±8.9 vs 50.1±4.6,P〈0.05）.The unmarried persons had higher scores of regression than the married persons（43.4±8.6;41.1±8.5,P〈0.05）.②After controlling the effect of gender,marital status and education level,covariance analysis demonstrated that postgraduate entrance re-examinee had lower scores of denial（55.3±10.4 vs 59.2±9.0,P〈0.05）,and higher scores of displacement（44.1±8.9 vs 40.5±7.0,P〈0.05） than physical examinee.Conclusion There are significant differences of psychological defense mechanism among postgraduate entrance re-examinee with the difference of genders,marital status and education level.Postgraduate entrance re-examinee prefers displacement to denial.