中学生网络成瘾与时间管理倾向的关系研究

Relationship between Internet Addiction and Time Management Disposition among Middle School Students

目的通过对中学生网络成瘾与时间管理倾向关系的分析,为中学生网络成瘾的有效干预提供依据。方法随机选取上海市15所中学不同年级学生,首先采用问卷筛查的方法得到网络成瘾筛选阳性学生,然后采用临床访谈形式,对筛选阳性学生以Beard改编Young的网络成瘾诊断标准(YDQ)结合功能受损程度,诊断出网络成瘾学生,在同一学校参加筛查结果阴性的学生中随机抽取部分学生作为对照组。采用青少年时间管理倾向量表(ATMD)对上述3组学生(网络成瘾组、筛选阳性但非网络成瘾组即倾向组和对照组)进行调查分析。结果 3组学生在时间管理倾向总分(F=12.447,P=0.000)和3个维度上的得分存在着显著的差异(时间价值感:F=4.771,P=0.009;时间监控观F=10.828,P=0.000;时间效能感:F=19.385,P=0.000),这种差异在3组学生的同性别或同类型学校的比较中也类似存在。倾向组(t=3.599,P=0.000)和对照组(t=2.320,P=0.021)在时间价值感上得分都是女性高于男性。对照组中职校学生在时间控制观(F=3.413,P=0.034)和时间效能感(F=4.976,P=0.007)上的得分高于高中和初中学生。结论时间管理能力低下是中学生网络成瘾的影响因素之一。

Objective To investigate the relationship between internet addiction and time management disposition in order to provide evidence of effective interventions for internet addiction.Methods The randomly selected 1117 students from the various grades in the 15 middle schools in Shanghai were screened and those who were screened as positive were further confirmed whether internet addicts or not by the revised Young＇s Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet （YDQ）.The students who were screened as negative in the same middle schools were randomly selected as the controls.Comparisons were made by using Time Management Disposition Scale （ATMD） among three groups：internet addicts,screen positive but not internet addicts and controls.Results Significant differences of ATMD in total scores （F=12.447,P=0.000）as well as in scores of feeling of time value（F=4.771,P=0.009）,feeling of time control （F=10.828,P=0.000） and feeling of time efficiency （F=19.385,P=0.000） were found among three groups.Similar significant differences were also identified among three groups who were with in same genders and same types of schools.Female students had higher scores than male students in feeling of time value in both groups of screen positive but not internet addicts （t=3.599,P=0.000） and controls （t=2.320,P=0.021）.In the control group,students from vocational middle schools had higher subscale scores of feeling of time control （F=3.413,P=0.034） and of feeling of time efficiency （F=4.976,P=0.007） than students from normal senior or junior schools.Conclusion Low capacity of time management is one of risk factors for middle school students who develop internet addiction.