4Amano I, Ohira S, Goto Y, et al. In preparation for a treatment guideline for suitable vascular access repair in Japan [J]. Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis,2006,10(4) :364-371.
6NKF-K/DOQI. Clinical practice guidelines for vascular access: update July 2006[J]. Am J Kidney Dis,2006,48:S187-S277.
7Toma S, Fukui H, Nakai S, et al. A timesaving method to create a fixed puncture route for the buttonhole teehnlque[J]. Nephrel Dial Transplant, 2003,18:2118-2121.
8Vascular Access Work Group. National Kidney Foundation,K/DOQLClinical Practive Guidlines for Vascular Access[ J ].Am J Kidney Dis, 2001,37(Suppl 1):S145-166.
9Abidi SM, Khan A, Fried LF et al. Factors influencing function of temporary dialysis catheters[ J ]. Clin Nephrol,2000,53(3): 199-205.
10Dionisio P, Valenti M, Bergia Ret. Evaluation of urea recirculation anddialysis efficiency of central venous jugular catheters when the venous lumen is used as an arterial lumen[J]. Minerva Urol Nefrol, 1999, 51(2):61-65.