再论资本主义的长期波动——基于马克思主义与新创新熊彼特学派的分析

Rethink on the Long-term Fluctuation of Capitalism-Based on Modern Marxism and the New Schumpeterian

对资本主义长期波动的研究是分析资本主义历史趋势的一个很好的切入点。现代马克思主义长波理论与新创新熊彼特学派长波理论是研究资本主义长期运动的两个重要理论流派。通过对这两个学派的研究可以发现,以蜂聚形式出现的新兴产业部门的生命循环,在一定时期内可以缓解资本主义积累的结构性矛盾,由此可以解释资本主义长周期存在上升阶段的原因;而剩余价值生产及其实现之间矛盾的发展,将造成利润率和利润量趋于下降,从而为长波下行铺垫道路。

The investigation to the long-term fluctuation of capitalism is a reasonable path to answer the question about capitalism historical trend.The New Innovative Schumpeterian found by J.Schumpeter and modern Marxism led by E.Mandel are two significant contemporary schools probing into the capitalistic long-term movement.After a criticized integration of them,it is found that life cycle in the form of aggregation in emerging industries can alleviate the structural contradiction of capitalistic accumulation for a certain period,which is the reason why capitalism shows ascending tendency in a long-term cycle.However,the development of contradiction between the production and the realization of surplus value will cause the decrease in profit quantity and profit rate,which brings the depression and stagnation of the long-term fluctuation.