论私营企业外空商业活动跨界侵权之责任主体

On the Subject of Liability for Cross Border Infringement Caused by Private Enterprises' Commercial Outer Space Activities

外空活动的私营化和商业化趋势需要重新审视外层空间法规定的跨界侵权责任主体制度。私营企业从事外空商业活动产生的跨界侵权责任属于国际法不加禁止行为的国际责任,国家、私营企业是当然的责任主体。私营企业应当承担首要责任和限额责任,国家承担补充责任;有多个发射国时,发射国共同作为责任主体。

The increasing privatization and commercialization of outer space activities requires us to re-consider the subject of liability arising from cross border infringement stipulated in the current Outer Space Law.The cross border infringement liability arising from private enterprises＇ commercial outer space activities which is allowed under International Law is international liability,and the private enterprises and the states are the obvious subjects of liability.The private enterprises should bear the primary liability and limited liability,while the states bear the supplementary liability.Where there are more than one launching state,they should be the joint subjects of liability.