野双峰驼各分布区的生存环境差异及评价

Difference of habitat environment and assessment in wild Bactrian camel distribution areas

世界上野双峰驼（Ｃａｍｅｌｕｓｂａｃｔｒｉａｎｕｓｆｅｒｕｓ）目前仅分布于中国新疆境内及中蒙边境，即：中国新疆的塔克拉玛干沙漠、阿尔金山北麓、戛顺戈壁、中蒙边境及蒙古国西部的外阿尔泰戈壁。总数共计７３０～８８０头。目前已为极度濒危物种。本文对野驼在不同分布区由于生境及人类活动影响所造成的差异加以对比研究并进行评价，为野骆驼保护提供依据。

Wild Bactrian camels(Camelus bactrianus ferus) survive now only in and around the Great Gobi National Park in Mongolia and Xinjiang region of Western China, principally in the eastern part of the Thaklimakan Desert in the vicinity of Lop Nur. Lop Nur region, which is the only remaining area in the world where wild Bactrian camels can be considered genetically pure, because it is isolated from domestic living stock. Number of camels in this area is estimated not more than 120, and as a result of surveys, total number of wild Bactrian camels remaining in both China and Mongolia is a maximum of 880 and a minimum of 730. Different habitats of wild Bactrian camels as well as human influence were investigated and assessed in this paper.