石化企业突发环境风险评价与分级方法研究

Assessment and management of accidental environmental risks in the petro-chemical industry

为了降低环境污染事故发生频率,急需建立科学高效的环境风险管理体系,而环境风险评估与分级技术是进行环境风险分级管理的前提和基础.本研究在对石化企业环境风险特征分析的基础上,构建了基于危险物质、生产工艺、设备设施、企业管理、企业布局的石化企业突发环境风险综合评价指标体系,并建立了相应的风险评价模型.同时,提出了4级风险分级管理体系,并在此基础上以长江下游某化工园区为例进行研究.结果表明,在园区30家石化企业中,存在特大环境风险的企业有1家,重大环境风险的企业2家,占企业总数的10%.本研究提出的石化企业风险评价指标体系及评价、分级方法科学可行,能够为石化企业风险管理提供决策依据.

In order to decrease and avoid environmental pollution accidents,it is necessary to establish an effective environmental risk management system. Environmental risk assessment and classification is a necessary step in the system. Considering the thousands of petro-chemical enterprises in China and their great environmental risk,we first examine the environmental risk characteristics of the petro-chemical industry. Then,we provide an integrated environmental risk assessment system for the petro-chemical industry which includes five indicators：hazardous substances,production processes,equipment,environmental management and plant location. On the basis of the above,we apply this system to a chemical industrial park downstream of the Yangtze River where there are three petro-chemical plants with the highest risk levels according to the analysis. The proportion of highest environmental risk plants is 10%. The results show that the environmental risk assessment and classification system is reasonable and it will benefit the environmental risk management of the petro-chemical industry.