担子菌交配型基因的克隆及功能研究进展

Current Progress in Mating Type Genes Cloning and Functional Study of Basidiomycete

担子菌中已有２０多个交配型基因被克隆，Ａ、Ｂ位点的交配型基因具有明显不同的结构特征。Ａ位点的交配型基因编码两类含相似同源结构域的蛋白质，两种蛋白质形成异源二聚体，调节依赖Ａ因子的发育过程；而Ｂ位点的交配型基因编码信息素及其受体。交配型基因编码的同源结构域蛋白质在植物、动物和菌类中都具有广泛的保守性。

There are more than 20 mating type genes have been cloned from Basidiomycete. Different features were discovered in A and B loci.The mating type genes in A loci encode two kinds of highly conserved homeodomain containing protein, which play important roles in A dependent development by the formation of protein heterodimer.The mating type genes in B loci contain multiple pheromone and pheromone receptors.Homeodomain proteins encoded by mating type genes in A locus are highly conserved among plant, animal and fungi.