云南省美沙酮维持治疗门诊受治者依从性影响因素分析

Factors influencing MMT rate in methadone clinics in Yunnan Province

目的分析云南省美沙酮维持治疗门诊影响患者长期维持治疗的因素,为受治人员长期维持治疗提供建议。方法选取云南省13个美沙酮点所有在治人员为研究对象,用问卷调查表及个人深入访谈的方式,收集人口学、美沙酮剂量、美沙酮知识、营业时间、服务地点、收费、脱失原因等方面资料。结果收回1930份有效问卷,治疗半年以上1532人、占79.4%,年龄、服务时间、美沙酮知识、美沙酮剂量、第一次使用毒品的年龄与美沙酮维持治疗保持时间呈正相关关系,OR值分别为1.160、1.190、3.393、1.583、1.035。结论接受治疗时间不足半年主要与受治者年龄、门诊营业时间、美沙酮知识、美沙酮每日剂量、第一次使用毒品的年龄5种因素相关。做好入组患者的美沙酮知识培训,调整营业时间及受治者剂量,将获得美沙酮长期维持治疗的良好效果。

Objective To analyze factors influencing maintenance rate in 13 methadone maintenance out-patient clinics in Yunnan Province,in order to provide advice for increasing maintenance rate for a comprehensive intervention.Methods The data of demographics,methadone dose,methadone knowledge,working hour of the clinics,service location,charges,dropping off reasons were collected by questionnaires and personal depth interviews in 13 methadone clinics in Yunnan Province.Results Totally 1930 valid questionnaires were collected,of which 1532 cases were treated more than half a year,accounting for 79.4%,Methadone maintenance rate had correlations with age,service time,knowledge and methadone dose.OR value is respectively 1.160,1.190,3.393,1.583,1.035.Conclusion The main cause of dropping related to five major factors：age,out-patient service time,the knowledge of methadone,methadone daily dose,the age of using drug for first time.Good methadone therapy adherence could be achieved by health training for the Patients,adjusting clinic working hours and methadone dose.