云南松居群遗传学研究的等位酶分析方法

Allozyme Method in Study on Population Genetics of Pinus yunnanensis

针对１５个云南松Ｐｉｎｕｓｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ居群，开展了１４种酶系统的水平切片淀粉凝胶电泳实验，在谱带遗传分析的基础上确定了３３个等位酶位点及其等位基因。其中有３２个等位酶位点是多态的（有２个以上的等位基因），只有一个单态位点Ｄｉａ－４。有３个等位基因的位点有Ｌａｐ－１、Ｌａｐ－２、Ａａ－３、Ｓｋｄ－１、Ｓｋｄ－２、Ａｄｈ－１、Ａｄｈ－３、Ｇｄｈ、Ｐｇｄ－１、Ｐｇｍ－１、Ｐｇｍ－３、Ｐｇｉ－１、Ｐｇｉ－３、Ｍｄｈ－１、Ｍｅ、Ｇ６ｐｄ、Ｄｉａ－１、Ｔｐｉ－１、Ｔｐｉ－２、Ｔｐｉ－３和Ｔｐｉ－４，有４个等位基因的位点有Ｓｋｄ－３、Ａｄｈ－２、Ｐｇｄ－２、Ｍｄｈ－２、Ｍｄｈ－３、Ｍｄｈ－４和Ｄｉａ－２，有５个等位基因的位点有Ａａｔ－１和Ｄｉａ－３。云南松居群的等位基因平均数Ａ＝２１，在松属中居于中上水平。本研究揭示了云南松居群酶位点及其等位基因带谱的变异式样。

The genetic diversity in fifteen populations of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. were studied by starch gel electrophoresis in the present work. Fourteen enzyme systems, presumably coded by 33 allozyme loci and their alleles were scored, and 32 were polymorphic with only one monomorphic locus ( Dia-4 ). The loci with three alleles are Lap-1,Lap-2,Aat-3,Skd-1, Skd-2, Adh-1, Adh-3, Gdh, Pgd-1, Pgm-1, Pgm-3, Pgi-1, Pgi-3, Mdh-1, Me, Idh-1, Idh-2, G6pd, Dia-1, Tpi-1, Tpi-2, Tpi-3 and Tpi-4, those with four alleles are Skd-3, Adh-2, Pgd-2, Mdh-2, Mdh-3, Mdh-4 and Dia-2, and those with five alleles are Aat-1 and Dia-3 . The mean number of alleles per locus is A=2.1 in the populations of P.yunnanensis. The bands represented loci and alleles of P.yunnanensis are showed in the paper. The paper provides the genetic diversity and evolution of Pinus with comparative diagrams of allozymes.