长输油气管道地震监测预警的应用与技术

Application and technology of earthquake monitoring and early-warning for long-distance oil and gas pipeline

在最近40年的管道工业中,地震灾害导致了大量管道破坏事故。长输管道地震监测预警的目的不是震前预报,而是震后紧急速报,为管道震后决策和紧急救援提供依据。介绍了地震监测预警系统在阿拉斯加管道、冀宁管道、东京煤气公司等管道上的典型应用,对地震监测预警的硬件和软件技术手段进行了分析。硬件手段有地震动参数监测、断层位移监测、管道泄漏监测以及数据传输;软件手段包括地震动参数处理、自动报警,以及灾情评估与管道维修咨询。

In the recent four decades of oil and gas pipeline industry,strong earthquakes have caused numerous pipeline failures.The aim of earthquake monitoring and early-warning for long-distance oil and gas pipelines is not for forecasting earthquake,but for rapid reporting post-earthquake information,which provide emergency decisions and rescue plans for pipeline engineering after earthquakes.Some typical applications of earthquake monitoring and early-warning system on the pipelines of Trans-Alaska,Jining,Tokyo Gas are introduced respectively.Technologies in terms of hardware and software of the earthquake monitoring and early-warning system are also analyzed.Technologies of the hardware include vibrating parameters monitoring,fault displacement monitoring,pipeline leak monitoring and data transmission.Technologies of the software include vibrating parameters processing,auto alarming,as well as situation assessing and pipeline repairing consultation.