中国“产业沼气”的开发及其应用前景

Tapping of China's biogas industry and its perspective

"产业沼气"是指规模化地生产并纯化沼气,使之能像天然气和液化气那样,由管道或气罐(瓶)输送和装运,方便地应用;有别于通常所说的农户沼气。中国天然气资源很紧缺,而能替代天然气的沼气的巨大资源潜力尚未被广泛认识和认真地开发。该文分析对比了欧盟国家开发产业沼气的成功实践,提出要使中国有机废物/液的沼气处理摆脱只讲环保公益、缺乏经济效益的被动局面,开发出可观的洁净商品沼气,实现环境效益和经济效益"双赢"。该文还分析了中国产业沼气的5种主要资源和实现产业化必须克服的技术、政策瓶颈。结论指出,中期内中国产业沼气具有相当于年产900亿m3天然气的开发潜力,是很有前景的生物质能源。

＂Industrial biogas＂refers to those gases that are scaled producing,then scrubbing and upgrading,and can be thus easily and economically transported through pipeline or pressured tank,so as to substrate for natural gas and liquidized petroleum gas.It differs from conventional biogas based on farmer＇s household.Resources of natural gas are considerable inadequate in China,while the huge potential of tapping biogas has not yet been widely recognized.This paper analyzed the successful practices of some EU countries,and proposed that China＇s guideline of organic waste/wastewater treatment should be reconsidered so that it could not only serve to environmental protection,but also gain some economic benefits,i.e.,to produce commodity clean energy.Potentials of several traditional feedstock of biogas were inventoried,and approach for phasing out bottlenecks of technologies and policy were discussed.It is concluded that in the medium term China has a capacity of producing biogas equaling to 90 billion cubic meters annually,and biogas industry will be a promising part of bioenergy/biomaterial industry.