机械脱壳时花生仁损伤特征及规律

Damage characteristics and regularity of peanut kernels under mechanical shelling

为深入研究机械脱壳过程中花生仁损伤机理和规律,改进花生脱壳机的设计,以辽宁省花生主产地花生品种为对象,运用微型电子拉压试验机、体视显微系统,研究了花生仁外形特征、损伤特征与规律,并进行了不同品种花生仁、不同加载速率、不同受压部位的相关力学特性试验。研究结果表明:不同品种、不同受压部位的花生仁破碎力差异显著,四粒红和花育23在加载速率为10mm/min时的正压和侧压下平均破碎力分别为106.2、96.6N和79.8、58.3N;加载速率不同时,花生仁的破碎变形量和最大破碎载荷都随着加载速率的增大而减小。

In order to study kernel damage mechanism and regularity during peanut shelling process and improve design of peanut sheller,main peanut varieties planted in Liaoning province were taken as example,peanut kernel＇shape characteristics,damage characteristic and regularity was studied by micro-electronic tension and compression testing machine and stereo microscope,some relevant mechanical test were carried out under different varieties of peanut kernels,different load-speeds and different compression positions.The results showed that the crushing force to peanut kernel were remarkable when peanut kernels are different varieties and they are compressed under different positions;at the loading rate of 10 mm/min,the average crushing force on right side and lateral side of Silihong were 106.2 N and 96.6 N,correspondingly,Huayu23 were 79.8 N and 58.3 N;Breaking deformation and maximum breaking load-forces were both reduced when load-speed were increased.