超声波协同等电点沉淀法提取螺旋藻藻胆蛋白工艺的优化

Ultrasonic Cell Disruption Followed by Isoelectric Point Precipitation for Extraction of Phycobiliprotein from Spirulina platensis

以螺旋藻粉为原料,通过正交试验,对超声波细胞破碎及等电点沉淀提取藻胆蛋白进行研究,并优化其工艺条件。结果表明,在藻液质量分数5%、630W(额定功率为900W)条件下超声20min,效果最佳;而采用冰醋酸作为等电点沉淀介质,在pH4.0的条件下,从提取液中低温沉淀藻蛋白,其操作较为简便。由于冰醋酸溶液易挥发分离,简化了生产工艺。最后通过冷冻干燥,得到粗蛋白粉末。利用本法优化工艺后,提取液中藻蓝蛋白的含量高达4.36%;而经沉淀干燥得到的粗蛋白粉末得率为52.5%,其中藻蓝蛋白含量为7.7%、别藻蓝蛋白含量为7.9%、藻红蛋白含量为0.8%。

A procedure based on ultrasonic cell disruption followed by isoelectric point precipitation was considered for the extraction of phycobiliprotein from Spirulina platensis powder. The respective optimal conditions for ultrasonic cell disruption and isoelectric point precipitation were determined. Results showed that an optimal ultrasonic cell disruption was obtained through 630 W ultrasonic treatment for 20 min of 5% aqueous suspension of Spirulina platensis powder. The optimal medium was glacial acetic acid for the isoelectric point precipitation of phycobiliprotein, which was a simple and convenient operation to obtain phycobiliprotein at pH 4.0 and 4 ℃. Glacial acetic acid is easy to volatilize so that the extraction procedure is simplified. Finally, lyophilization was performed to obtain a crude protein powder. The content of phycocyanin was as high as 4.36% in the supernatant separated from ultrasonic treated 5% aqueous suspension of Spirulina platensis powder under optimized conditions, and the yield of crude protein powder from Spirulina platensis powder was 52.5%, in which, the contents of phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin were 7.7%, 7.9% and 0.8%, respectively.