笔顺与笔画数对汉字构成过程的影响

Effects of the Number of Strokes and the Spatial Sequence on Stroke-Form-Character in Chinese

本研究采用笔画构成汉字的实验任务,考查了笔画的笔顺与笔画数对汉字构成过程的影响。实验材料为构成三到五划高频汉字的笔画组。将三到五个笔画水平排列构成一个笔画组,有的笔画组按照汉字书写的笔顺排列笔画,有的违反正常汉字书写的笔顺,让被试判断这些笔画组是否能够构成一个汉字。实验一,要求被试判断笔画组能否构成汉字并把汉字正确书写出来。实验二,要求被试判断笔画组能否构成汉字。结果发现在实验过程中判断符合书写笔顺的笔画组能否构成汉字的反应时明显短于不符合笔顺的笔画组,错误率降低。同时,研究还发现汉字构成过程还受到笔画数的影响,在实验一中表现为少笔画的笔画组构字的错误率低于笔画多的笔画组,在实验二中表现为少笔画的笔画组构字反应时短于笔画多的笔画组。这些结果说明了笔画空间位置与笔画数对汉字书写过程有重要意义。

This study investigated the effects of the number of strokes and the position of spatial sequence on stroke-form-character in Chinese. Serial strokes including three to five strokes queued in a line were used in this study. Half of the serial strokes were arranged spatially according to their writing sequences. The others were not. The subjects were instructed to write （Exp 1 ） or to judge （Exp 2） if the serial strokes could form Chinese characters. The results showed that the reaction time （RT） of serial strokes with writing sequences was shorter and the error rate （ER） was lower, compared with serial strokes displayed randomly. The results also indicated that the ER of three strokes was lower and the RT of three strokes was higher, compared with four, five strokes in both Exp 1. and Exp 2. These results implied that the spatial position of strokes and the number of strokes played a great role in Chinese writing.