儿童心理理论、移情与亲社会行为的关系

The Relationship of Theory of Mind and Empathy With Prosocial Behavior

亲社会行为是儿童社会性发展的重要方面,有关亲社会行为影响因素的研究一直是发展心理学界关注的热点问题,其中心理理论和移情是研究者最为关注的两个因素。以往研究多从心理理论或移情的单一因素去解释亲社会行为,而事实可能是心理理论和移情通过复杂的交互作用形成合力从而共同激发了亲社会行为。为了更好地揭示儿童亲社会行为的内在机制,今后的研究应该在概念界定、研究任务、研究对象、研究设计等方面进一步加以完善。

Prosocial behavior is an important aspect of the development of children＇ sociality： Factors that influence prosocial behavior have always been a focus of developmental psychology, theory of mind and empathy attracting the most attention. Many previous studies explained prosocial behavior from empathy or theory of mind. However, theory of mind and empathy may generate a composite force through complex interactions and stimulate prosocial behavior. In order to further reveal the internal mechanism of children＇s prosocial behavior, more improvement should be made in terms of concepts, tasks, participants and designs in further research.