风力机风轮气动性能三维流场数值模拟

3D Flow Field Numerical Aerodynamic Performance Test of Wind Turbine Rotor

数值试验方法可为选择最佳形状风轮翼型和风轮尺寸,使风力机具有优异的空气动力特性提供试验依据。完善并依据计算流体动力学理论和相似理论,以风力机风轮作为研究对象,研究数值试验技术。建立考虑地形和风剪切效应影响的风电场风速湍流数学模型,利用相似理论构建风电场三维数值试验,并通过计算流体动力学软件Fluent实现,用户自定义函数(user-defined function,UDF)技术定义风力机动态风速及数值试验边界条件。研究风力机风轮的气动性能,模拟风轮在空气动力作用下的风轮表面压力、风轮转速、力矩时程等气动力作用参数。研究结果表明:利用数值试验和现场实测2种方法得到的风轮气动动态特性随时间的变化趋势具有相似性。

Numerical method provide the experimental basis for choosing the best shape of turbine rotor and the blade size so as for wind turbine to reach excellent aerodynamic characteristics.Taking the wind turbine as the object,the numerical test technique was studied based on computational fluid dynamics theory and similarity theory.The wind turbulence mathematical model of the wind farm was established for considering the impact of terrain and wind shear effect.By using similarity theory,the three-dimensional numerical flow field was constructed and realized by computational fluid dynamics software Fluent.Dynamic wind speed and numerical experiment boundary conditions of wind turbine were defined by user-defined function （UDF）.Wind turbine aerodynamic performance was studied and the simulation of rotor was completed on the aerodynamic parameters,such as rotor surface pressure,rotor rotational speed and moment time-history data etc.The results show that the aerodynamic performance trend of wind turbine rotor obtained by using numerical test and field measurement would keep similarrity.