获取结核病防治信息的渠道对居民结核病防治知信行的影响

The Relationship between Channels of Acquiring Tuberculosis(TB) Knowledge and the Knowledge,Attitude and Practice(KAP) about TB Prevention and Treatment

目的探索获取结核病防治信息的渠道对居民结核病防治知信行的影响,以便更有效地开展结核病防治知识的宣传教育工作。方法根据全国公众结核病防治知识信念行为调查问卷设计,采用多阶段抽样方法 ,对长沙市天心区12～65岁的居民进行问卷调查。对所获资料进行Kruskal-WallisH检验以及q检验。结果本次调查收回有效问卷1073份。分析结果提示:(1)居民获取结核病防治信息的渠道对结核病防治知识的知晓程度有影响:防治知识来源于医疗机构的居民知识得分最高,来源于其他途径的居民知识得分最低;(2)在结核病知识知晓程度相同的居民中,获取结核病防治信息的渠道不同对结核病态度的改变没有明显影响;(3)在结核病知识知晓程度相同的居民中,结核病防治信息来源于医疗机构的居民结核病防治行为得分最高,来源于其他途径的居民行为得分最低。结论获取结核病防治信息的渠道对结核病防治的知识、态度和行为有不同程度的影响。在结核病防治工作中应注重不同信息渠道的特点,发挥医疗机构在健康教育中的优势。

Objective To explore the relationship between channels of acquiring tuberculosis（TB） knowledge and the knowledge,attitude,and practice（KAP） about TB prevention and treatment among general population,to provide tuberculosis health education more efficient.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among the subjects aged from 12 to 65 years that selected from general population in Tianxin District of Changsha City by multistage sampling with the questionnaire of the national survey of KAP to TB control in 2006.All data were described and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H test and q test.Results There were 1 073 questionnaires available.The results showed that：（1） The channels of acquiring TB knowledge had significant effects on subjects＇ TB knowledge,the people whose TB knowledge came from medical institutions had highest level knowledge;the people whose knowledge camefrom other channels had lowest level knowledge.（2）The channels of acquiring TB knowledge didnt play significant effect on subjects＇ attitude to TB.（3） The channels of acquiring TB knowledge had significant effect on the people＇s practice on TB after controlled the knowledge level,the people whose knowledge came from medical institutions had the best practice.Conclusion The channels of acquiring knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and control had some effects on TB knowledge,attitude,and practice.We should focus on the characteristics of different information channels,and exert advantages of medical institutions in the health education.