深海高压环境下的密封材料变形特性分析

Analysis on Self-compressibility of Sealing Materials under High Pressure in Deep-sea

深海各种实验仪器的密封特性受高压环境的影响存在自身压缩的可能性。推导出了轴向压缩率的计算公式,应用试验台架对氟橡胶、硅橡胶、丁腈橡胶三种密封材料进行了轴向压缩试验。试验结果表明,深海高压环境(水深10 000m,即水压100MPa之内)下密封材料自身压缩率小于6%,因此在设计高压环境下的密封结构时仍可以按常压密封结构进行设计(密封槽、密封圈选型等),但出于安全考虑,密封圈当量直径可适当放大10%。

The deep-sea experimental instruments＇ sealing performances are influenced by the self-compressibility under high pressures.The authors deduced the formula of calculating the axial compression ratio,and did the axial compression experiments on the following three kinds of sealing materials： fluorine rubber,silicone rubber and nitrile butadiene rubber,which shows the self-compressibility of sealing materials is less than 6% under the deep-sea high pressure（10 000m means 100MPa）.Therefore the principles of designing sealing structures at atmospheric pressure can be adopted（sealed slot,O-ring selection,etc.）;however,the O-ring equivalent diameter should be appropriately enlarged by 10% for the sake of security.