夫妻暴力社会人口学及社会文化因素的研究

A Study on Socio-demographic and Cultural Factors of Spousal Violence

目的:探讨夫妻暴力的社会人口学及社会文化高危因素,为进一步心理干预夫妻暴力提供依据。方法:采用多级分层抽样方法,在湖南省郴州市抽取3087个家庭。其中有384户曾发生夫妻暴力,从中随机抽取80户,将施暴者80人作为暴力组。另外,以家庭结构相同为前提条件,选取96户无暴力行为的家庭,并从中选取与施暴者性别相同、年龄相近的96人作为对照,为非暴力组。用自编家庭暴力问卷进行访谈。结果:施暴者男性的比例(81.3%)显著高于女性(18.7%),受虐者女性的比例(81.3%)显著高于男性(18.7%)(P<0.05);夫妻暴力家庭中31～40岁的人数最多为60人,占37.5%;暴力组的受教育年限、经济收入低于非暴力组(P<0.05)。施暴者的经济收入高于受虐者(P<0.05)。家庭体制中暴力组家长制、自由制高于非暴力组(P<0.01),而暴力组民主制的家庭体制低于非暴力组(P<0.01)。结论:施暴者以男性居多,受虐者以女性居多。以31～40岁年龄段夫妻暴力发生最多。受教育年限低、经济收入低较易有施暴倾向。家庭体制中家长制和自由制作风,容易引发暴力事件。

Objective： To investigate the socio-demographic and cultural factors of spousal violence（SV） in order to provide systematic basis of SV prevention.Methods： By using multistage stratified sampling methods,3087 households were selected from Chenzhou city in Hunan Province.After screening,384 households had SV.Among them 80 households were randomly selected for study,in which 80 perpetrators were not in the domestic violence（DV） group.For the non-DV group,after matching of family’s structure,96 households without violence behavior were selected,in which after matching of gender and age with perpetrators,96 normal controls were enrolled.Results： The ratio of male perpetrators（81.3%） was more than female（18.7%）,but female（81.3%） was more than male（19%） victims（P〈0.05）.Age 31 to 40 was most common in SV family（37.5%）.Education level and economic income in DV group were significantly lower than in non-DV group（P〈0.05）,However,the economic income of perpetrators were higher than that of victims（P〈0.01）.The family systems of patriarchy and freedom were significantly more,and system of democracy was significantly less reported by DV group than the non-DV group（P〈0.01）.Conclusion： Most of the perpetrators are male and most of the victims were female.The 31 to 40 age group is most common in DV family.Individuals with lower education level,lower economic status are more likely to be perpetrated.The family system of patriarchy and freedom may more easily to have SV.