中国沿岸染毒贝类的麻痹性毒素

PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISON IN CONTAMINATEDSHELLFISH ALONG COAST OF CHINA

１９９６年１１－１２月对中国渤海、黄海、东海和南海沿岸海域的２４个采样点，１９９７年６－７月对舟山群岛、大亚湾、大鹏湾３个重点海域的２３种经济贝类体中的麻痹性毒素进行了检测。分析结果表明，中国沿岸贝类的麻痹性毒素（ＰＳＰ）含量从未检出到每百克肉含ＰＳＰ４０３ＭＵ。在４个海区中，以南海海区贝类麻痹性毒素的检出率为最高，上述２个采样期的检出率分别为４２．１％和２８．６％。黄海海区贝类抽提液的毒性试验均未引起实验小鼠死亡。各海区的主要染毒贝的种类亦有不同：渤海的染毒种类主要有长牡蛎Ｃｒａｓｓｏｔｒｅａｇｉｇａｓ、毛蚶Ｓｃａｐｈａｒｃａｓｕｂｃｒｅｎａｔａ等；东海的主要染毒种类有织纹螺Ｎａｓｓａｒｉｕｓｓｐ．、菲律宾蛤仔Ｒｕｄｉｔａｐｅｓｐｈｉｌｌｌｐｐｉｎｅｎｒｕｍ、杂色蛤Ｒ．ｖａｒｉｇａｔａ等；南海的染毒种类主要有文蛤Ｍｅｒｅｔｒｉｘｍｅｒｅｔｒｉｘ、翡翠贻贝Ｐｅｒｎａｖｉｒｉｄｉｓ、合浦珠母贝Ｆｉｎｃｔａｄａｍａｒｔｅｎｓｉｉ等。

The analysis on paralytic shellfish poison (PSP) in contaminated shellfishcollected from November to December and from June to July in 1997 along Coast ofChina shows that the PSP levels in the commercial shellfish along Coast of China arelow, ranging from undetected to 403 MU in 100g shellfish. PSP toxicity level inshellfish from the South China Sea area is the highest among the four sea areas ofChina. No PSP is detected in all analyzed shellfish from the Yellow Sea. In addition,contaminated species are varied in different sea areas. Oyster and Scaharca subcrenataare the main contaminated species in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. Nassarius sp.is often the toxicant organism in the Changjiang River Estuary. Scallop, mussel,Meretrix meretrix and so on are the contaminated species in the South China Sea.