微生物在酸性矿井水形成过程中的作用

The role of microorganism during acidic mine drainage

研究了山西某煤矿煤炭开采过程中不同阶段矿井水中微生物的种类、数量及其对矿井水酸化的作用。结果表明:煤层里的硫分和巷道中的氧气在煤层中的扩散是酸性矿井水产生的必备条件,同时,在矿井水不断酸化的过程中,微生物起到了至关重要的作用。前期起主要作用的是细菌如氧化亚铁硫杆菌、氧化硫硫杆菌及其它一些好氧硫杆菌等,后期某些具有氧化作用的霉菌如产黄青霉也起到了一定的作用,并由此推导出更为合理完善的酸性矿井水形成过程系列反应式。

The varieties, quantities and action of microorganism from acidic mine drainage （AMD） were investigated at different stages of mining. The results show that sulfur and oxygen are necessary conditions and the microorganisms also play an important part in the process of AMD. Bacteria is primary in early stage, such as Thiobaeillus ferrooxidans, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and some other aerobic sulfur bacteria, and at the later stage some mildew strains with biological oxidation hare an effect on the formation of AMD, such as Thiobacillus ferrooxidans. A series of integrate equations are deduced for the formation of AMD in the study.