2006-2009年安徽省感染性钉螺分布变化

Changes of distribution of infected Oncomelania snails in Anhui Province from 2006 to 2009

目的了解安徽省感染性钉螺分布变化趋势。方法收集2006-2009年全省钉螺调查数据,建立感染性钉螺分布数据库,用GPS对感染性钉螺环境定位,再用GIS软件绘制感染性钉螺环境分布电子地图,分析感染性钉螺分布变化。结果 2009年全省感染性钉螺环境数、面积、平均密度和钉螺感染率分别比2006年下降了43.3%、43.1%、61.9%和60.9%。其中山丘型地区呈逐年下降趋势,湖沼型地区总体呈下降趋势,但2009年较2008年有所回升。感染性钉螺空间分布年间变化较大,2～4年连续或间隔年份再次发现的感染性钉螺环境数占总数的29.5%,仅出现1年的环境占70.5%。结论近年来安徽省感染性钉螺分布虽呈下降的趋势,但控制感染性钉螺的难度也在加大,要加强传染源控制措施的落实,控制和减少感染性钉螺。

Objective To understand the changs of distribution of infected Oncomelania snails in Anhui Province in recent years.Methods The data of snail distribution from 2006 to 2009 were collected,the database was set up,the position of environments of infected snails was determined with GPS,the electronical map was made with GIS,and the distribution of infected snails was analyzed.Results Compared with 2006,the number of environments of infected snails,the area with snails,the mean density of snails and the infection rate of snails decreased by 43.3%,43.1%,61.9% and 60.9% in 2009.The trend of the changes of the distribution of infected snails in different types of snail areas was different：in the mountainous areas,it showed a downtrend year by year;in the marshland and lake regions,although it appeared a decline trend basically,it rised in 2009 compared with 2008.The spatial distribution of infected snails during the period of 4 years showed a big change,the number of environments with infected snails found repeatedly accounted for 29.5% of the total number,and the number found only a year accounted for 70.5%.Conclusion In recent years,the distribution of infected snails in Anhui Province shows a downward trend,but it is more difficult to decrease infected snails.The focus of control measures should be laid on strengthening the implementation of infectious sources control to decrease infected snails.