2000-2009年湖南省洞庭湖区血吸虫病疫情趋势分析

Trend analysis of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake regions,Hunan Province from 2000 to 2009

目的分析洞庭湖区2000-2009年血吸虫病疫情变化规律。方法从湖南省血吸虫病疫情数据库中,分层按比例随机抽样20个血吸虫感染率≥1%的居民村,分析居民血吸虫感染率、感染度,耕牛血吸虫感染率,钉螺和感染螺密度等指标的变化趋势,比较血吸虫病病情指标和钉螺指标之间的相关关系。结果 2000-2009年洞庭湖区居民和耕牛血吸虫感染率、人群血吸虫感染度呈明显下降趋势(P<0.01),下降幅度分别为46.14%、73.42%、22.22%。病人血吸虫感染度呈上升趋势(P<0.01),上升幅度为33.13%。钉螺面积基本保持稳定,活螺密度和感染螺密度呈现同向波动变化。终宿主感染性指标与钉螺指标之间无相关性。结论 2000-2009年洞庭湖区除病人感染度上升外,其他血吸虫感染性指标呈明显下降趋势。钉螺指标的变化与终宿主感染性指标的变化间无相关性。

Objective To analyze the tendency of endemic status of schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake regions,Hunan Province from 2000 to 2009.Methods Twenty villages with or above 1% human infection rate of schistosomiasis were randomly sampled by a stratifying and proportional basis.The infection rates and intensities of schistosomiasis among human and cattle,mean density of Oncomelania snails and infected snails were calculated and analyzed dynamically.The correlation between the snail density indicators and infection indicators of schistosomiasis among the hosts was analyzed.Results From 2000 to 2009,the infection rates of schistosomiasis among both human and cattle and the infection intensity of schistosomiasis in human showed significantly falling trends（P0.01）.The decreasing rates were 46.14%,73.42% and 22.22%,respectively.On the contrary,the infection intensity of schistosomiasis among the patients present an upward trend（P0.01）and the increasing rate was 33.13%.The snail habitant area remained stable.The mean density of snails and infected snails showed fluctuations in the same direction.There was no correlation between the infection indicators of schistosomiasis in definitive hosts and snail density indicators.Conclusions From 2000 to 2009,except EPG in patients,other infection indicators of schistosomiasis among definitive hosts showed significantly downward trends.There was no correlation between the human and cattle infections of schistosomiasis and the snail habitant indicators.