第三产业全要素生产率增长及其收敛性分析

Total Factor Productivity Growth Of China's Tertiary Industryand Convergence Analysis

运用1978～2007年的样本数据,采用非参数Malmquist指数方法测算了我国第三产业全要素生产率(TFP),并将其分解为技术效率和技术进步。实证结果表明:1978～2007年间中国第三产业TFP年均增长率为3.1%,整体呈广口U形分布,即先波动下降后加速上升;地区间和地区内部第三产业TFP增长率及其构成均存在显著差异;在较长的样本区间内,第三产业全要素生产率同时存在σ收敛与β收敛。

The article adopts the approach of non-parameter Malmquist index to caculate the total factor productivity （TFP） of China＇s tertiary industry, and classifies it into two catagories： technological efficiency and technological advancement. The empirical results suggest that, in 1978-2009, the average annual growth rate of the TFP of China＇s tertiary industry is 3.1%, and the overall growth distribution can be described as ＂a wide U-shape mouth＂, which refers to the process of declining in volatility at first, and then accelerating the increase in the end. The growth is mainly attributed to the improvement of technological advancement, but we cannot neglect the negative impact of technological efficiency. Besides, the growth rate and the constitution of the TFP of China＇s tertiary industry varies not only among different areas -- the east, the middle and the west - but also inside the areas.