上海市南汇地区集中空调通风系统卫生状况及监管对策

目的掌握上海市南汇地区大型公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况,探索卫生监管对策。方法对上海市南汇地区8家大型公共场所集中大型公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生管理情况进行调查,对集中空调通风系统送风和风管积尘的卫生指标进行检测。结果 8家大型公共场所集中空调通风系统均未设置风管检查口,6家新风口设计不合理,7家未对空调通风系统进行全面清洗消毒;8家场所均有卫生管理制度,但均无预防空气传播性疾病卫生学评价报告;送风中细菌总数、送风中β-溶血性链球菌、送风中真菌总数、送风中PM10的合格率分别为27.5%、70.0%、75.0%、92.5%,风管积尘量合格率为87.5%。结论上海市南汇地区大型公共场所集中空调通风系统存在卫生隐患,应加强对公共场所集中空调系统卫生知识培训和宣传,切实落实集中空调预防性审核和竣工验收,完善集中空调相关法律法规,加大有效查处力度。

Objective To know the sanitary conditions of central air conditioning ventilation systems in public places of Nanhui district and explore relevant supervision measures. Method 8 public places in Nanhui district were investigated and hygienic specifications （relevant to blowing air and dust in air duct surface） were monitored. Results 8 units designed without any observation window for air duct, fresh air inlets in 6 units designed irrationally, 7 units had not been cleaned and disinfected thoroughly; All 8 public places drew up sanitation management systems excluding analysis and hygienic evaluation of prevention of airborne disease. The pass rate of the total number of bacteria, fungi, -hemolytic streptococcus and PM10 in blowing air was 27.5%, 70.0%, 75.0%, and 92.5% ,respectively; the pass rate of duct dust was 87.5%. Conclusion In Nanhui district, there are potential troubles in central air conditioning ventilation systems. We must enhance the publicity on sanitary issues of central air conditioning, implement preventive verification and final acceptance, improve the formulation of corresponding laws and regulations, and violations should be strictly dealt with.