语言资源建设与语言生活监测相关术语简介

Introduction of Some Terms Concerned with Language Resource Construction and Language Monitoring

语言监测是掌握语言国情的重要手段,语言资源建设是语言监测的基础。本文介绍了与语言资源建设和语言生活监测相关的术语。语言资源建设包括语言资源、语料、语料库和动态流通语料库;语言生活监测包括语言监测理论、语言监测方法、语言监测内容三方面。监测理论包括实态、稳态、动态;监测方法包括频次、频率、覆盖率,分布、使用率、通用率和频级、频位、频比等;监测内容包括字词调查、流行语、新词语。

Language monitoring is an important means to master the language situation.The language resource construction is the base of the language monitoring.This article introduces the terminologies associating with the language resource construction and language monitoring.The building of language resources includes language resources,collection of written or spoken texts,corpus and dynamic current corpus.Language monitoring includes three aspects：the theory,methods and content of language monitoring.The monitoring theories include actual-state,steady-state and dynamic-state;the monitoring methods include number of occurrence,frequency,coverage,distribution,usage rate,universalization rate and the frequency level,frequency rank,and frequency rank ratio;the monitoring content includes character and word investigation,catchwords and new words.