地下工程突水机理及其研究最新进展

Research status and developing trend analysis of the water inrush mechanism for underground engineering construction

随着地下工程建设的大、长、深发展趋势,大型突水地质灾害逐渐成为制约地下空间建设发展的瓶颈问题,是岩石力学与工程研究领域急需解决的关键科学技术难题。在系统收集整理国内外相关资料的基础上,从突水的灾变条件与演化特征、突水通道的形成机制、渗流灾变规律与突变机理以及突水预测与监测理论等方面系统总结了当前突水机理的研究方法及其存在的问题,提出了"施工人为扰动和岩溶水及水压力扰动诱发破裂是相对完整岩体破断突水的本质所在,地质缺陷体本身渗流力学的多元动态信息则是地质缺陷式突水灾变演化过程描述的关键所在"这一学术思路。通过现场突水实例分析与数值模拟结果,认为突水机理的研究需从两方面着手,即突水通道形成的微观作用机制与含导水构造系统失稳突水的宏观力学判据,考虑地质因素和工程因素的双重影响,并结合突水前兆多元信息实时在线采集与分析的监测方法,对有效探测含导水构造的物探方法进行补充,为突水预报预测奠定理论基础。

With the developing trend of long,large and deep construction characteristics for underground engineering,lar-ger water inrush disaster becomes the bottleneck problem for the further development of underground engineering.Based on an extensive literature review,the status and developing trend of the water inrush mechanism and countermeasures were summarized in detail,such as catastrophe condition and evolution characteristics of water inrush,formation mechanism of water inrush passage,and infestation regularity and mutation mechanism of seepage flow,based on which,a new academic idea has been proposed that artificial disturbance of excavation and disturbance of karst water and its pressure leads to water inrush of relatively intact rock masses,and the polyphyletic dynamic information of seepage mechanics for geological defects is the key for the catastrophe evolution description of geological defects.Based on example analysis and numerical simulations,two aspects must be further studied,which are the microcosmic effect mechanism of the water inrush passage formation and macroscopic instability criterion for the system of water bearing structure considering the effect of geological factors and engineering effort factor,and the geophysical method effectiveness for the water bearing structure diction can be improved by combining with the monitoring method of polyphyletic information for water inrush prediction,which will lay a theoretical basis for the groundwater inrush prediction in underground engineering.