鹅消化道对不同饲粮源纤维消化的比较

Comparison of digestion of dietary fiber in different intestines in Yangzhou geese

采用3种不同纤维源日粮饲喂扬州鹅仔鹅,利用外源指示剂法测算中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤可溶物(ADS)在消化道不同部位的累积消化率。结果表明:①空肠对NDF、ADF、ADS的累积消化率分别为43.69%、18.90%和65.15%;回肠对NDF、ADF、ADS的累积消化率分别为49.43%、21.52%和66.55%;盲肠对NDF、ADF、ADS的累积消化率分别为93.16%、87.13%和96.03%;直肠对NDF、ADF、ADS的累积消化率分别为55.06%、24.49%和72.24%。②在十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠中检测到半纤维素酶、纤维素酶和总脱氢酶活性,其中半纤维素酶活性在十二指肠中最高,总脱氢酶活性在盲肠中最高。③不同纤维源不影响各肠道对NDF、ADF和ADS的累积消化率。④可将半纤维素酶活性作为评判鹅消化NDF和ADS能力的一个新指标。鹅消化道不同部位对日粮纤维组分均有一定的消化能力,对NDF、ADF和ADS的消化主要发生在前部。同时,盲肠对3种纤维组分的消化能力均很强,但由于大量食糜并非经过盲肠而直接排出体外,故鹅消化道整体对日粮纤维的消化率不及盲肠累积消化率高。

In order to study NDF, ADF and ADS digestibility in different intestines in Yangzhou goslings, three diets with different fiber sources were fed to Yangzhou goslings to mensurate dietary fiber accumulative digestihility hy the indicator. The results showed： ① The NDF, ADF and ADS accumulative digestibility of jejunum was 43.69%, 18.90% and 65.15%, respectively; The accumulative digestibility of ileum was 49.43%, 21.52% and 66.55%, respectively; The accumulative digestibility of cecum was 93.16%, 87.13% and 96.03%, respectively; The accumulative digestibility of rectum was 55.06%, 24.49% and 72.24%, respectively. ② The activities of the total dehydrogenase （TDHA）, cellulase and hemicellulase were detected in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum. The activity of hemicellulase was highest in duodenum, and the activity of total dehydrogenase was highest in the cecum. ③ The intestine accumulative digestibility was not significantly affected by different sources dietary fiber. ④ The activity of hemicellulase can be considered as a new index to estimate the ability of utilization and digestion of NDF and ADS for goslings. The dietary fiber can be digested partly in different intestines, and NDF, ADF, ADS was digested mostly in the foreside of the intestine. Meanwhile, the cecum had the digestion of an ostrich of dietary fiber. The cecum could powerfully digest the dietary fiber as a result of massive microbes in the cecum. However, much chyme didn＇t enter the cecum, which caused to low digestibility of the whole alimentary tract.