象山港大型底栖动物生物多样性现状

Macrobenthic faunal diversity in Xiangshan Bay

2006年7月至2008年8月对象山港13个站位进行了8个航次的大型底栖动物采样调查.研究了该海域大型底栖动物群落的优势种组成,大型底栖动物的丰度、生物量、次级生产力和P/B值,并采用物种丰富度指数、物种均匀度指数和物种多样性指数分析大型底栖动物物种的多样性.调查共获得大型底栖动物123种,其中软体动物48种,甲壳类33种,鱼类和环节动物多毛类各12种,棘皮动物8种,还包括一些腔肠动物、线虫等.群落中优势种较为集中,且优势度指数较高.该海域大型底栖生物年次级生产力平均值为16.70g.m-2.a-1,平均P/B值为0.60.对物种丰富度指数(d)、均匀度指数(J)、辛普森多样性指数(D)和香农多样性指数(H)进行双因素方差分析表明,不同站位之间4种指数的差异均高度显著(P<0.01),周年之间4种指数的差异除均匀度指数不显著外(P>0.05),均高度显著(P<0.01).

In order to understand the community pattern and biodiversity of macrobenthic fauna in Xiangshan Bay,an eight cruises survey was made at thirteen stations of the Bay from July 2006 to August 2007,with the dominant species composition,richness,biomass,secondary productivity,and P/B value of macrobenthic fauna investigated,and the species diversity of the macrobenthic fauna analyzed. A total of 123 macrobenthos species were recorded,including 48 species Mollusc,33 species Crustacea,12 species fish,12 species annelid polychaete,8 species echinoderms,and some coelenterates and nematodes. The dominant species were more concentrated,and the dominance index was higher. The average secondary productivity of the macrobenthic fauna was 16.70 g·m-2·a-1,and the average P/B value was 0.60. There existed distinct variations （P0.01） in the species richness index （d）,evenness index （J）,Simpson＇s diversity index （D）,and Shannon diversity index （H） among different survey stations,and distinct variations （P0.01） in the indices except evenness index （J） between years.