初中生主观幸福感与家庭功能的关系

Study on the relationship of family functioning and subjective well-being of junior-high school students

目的:了解江西省某市初中生主观幸福感状况,并探讨主观幸福感与家庭功能之间的关系,从家庭功能的角度探讨初中生主观幸福感与成长环境的关系,为其心理健康教育提供依据。方法:方便选取江西省某市一初中,采取分层整群抽样方法进行调查;同时采取入户调查法,随机选取自然村,对自然村中所有初中生进行调查,利用青少年主观幸福感量表和家庭功能评定量表对733名初中生进行调查。结果:(1)初中生的总体主观幸福感处于中等偏下水平,从主观幸福感的各维度来看,家庭和友谊满意感较高,学业满意感最低,正性和负性情感体验均较低;(2)女生的友谊和自由满意度高于男生,非独生子女的负性情感高于独生子女,寄宿生的家庭、学业和自由满意度高于非寄宿生,家庭居住地和家庭结构对家庭满意度有影响,年级与学习成绩影响主观幸福感的部分维度;(3)家庭功能的部分维度与主观幸福感的部分维度之间存在相关性,家庭功能可以预测主观幸福感水平。结论:初中生的总体主观幸福感处于中等偏下水平,有待提高。家庭功能对初中生主观幸福感具有较大的影响,家庭功能健康的初中生,更有可能具有较高的生活满意度,更有可能体验到较高水平的幸福感。

Objective：To describe the status of subjective well-being among junior high school students in a city of Jiangxi Province and to explore the relationship between family functioning and subjective well-being. To explore the relationship between growth environment and subjective well-being among junior high school students in the perspective of family functioning and to provide basis and data for the mental health education among junior high school students. Methods： 630 students in a junior high school in Jiangxi Province were sampled by stratified cluster sampling, and 103 junior high school students from 18 villages were sampled by household survey. They were investigated by subjective well-being scale for adolescents and Family Assessment Device. Results： （ 1 ） The overall subjective well-being of junior high school students was in the lower-middle level. Regarding all the dimensions of subjective well-being, they had the highest satisfaction on family and friendship, lowest academic satisfaction, low positive as well as passive emotion. （2）Girls had higher satisfaction on friendship and freedom than that of boys; children from families with more than one kids had more negative emotion than that of single child; boarding students had higher satisfaction on family, academics and freedom than that of non-boarding students; family residence and structure affected the satisfaction on family; grade and learning achievement affected some dimensions of subjective well-being among junior high school students. （3） Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that some dimensions of family functioning were related to certain dimensions of subjective well-being among junior school students, and family functioning could predict the level of subjective well-being. Conclusion：The overall subjective well-being of junior high school students is in the lower-middle level, and further improving is needed. Family functioning has a great influence on junior school students＇ subjective well-being. Junior high school students who have healthy family functioning are more likely to have higher life satisfaction, and tend to experience higher subjective well-being.