客运列车女乘务员妇女疾病与学历的关系研究

The Relationship between Gynaecological Diseases and Educational Backgrounds of Female Crew Members in Passenger Train

目的了解客运列车女乘务员妇女疾病与学历的关系.方法对昆明铁路局854名客运列车女乘务员逐个询问病史,常规进行妇科检查、乳腺检查及辅助检查,并从三种学历层次(大专及以上、高中及中专、初中及以下)进行比较.结果危害昆明铁路局客运列车女乘务员妇科健康的主要疾病为乳腺小叶增生、生殖道感染、子宫肌瘤/子宫肌腺症,不同学历之间各种疾病的患病率存在差异.结论大多数妇女疾病在普查中可得到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,应采取提高客运列车女乘务员个人技能、加强健康教育、创建健康促进环境等综合预防保健措施来保障列车女乘务员的健康.

Objective To study the relationship between gynaecological diseases and educational backgrounds of female crew members （FCM） in passenger train.Methods 854 FCMs in Kunming Railway Administration were individually enquired about the medical history,and received routine gynecologic examination,mammary gland inspection,and auxiliary examination.Then we made a comparison among three educational background levels （college and higher,senior school and techinical secondary school,and junior middle school and below）.Results The major diseases against female health included hyperplasia of mammary glands,genital infection,and hysteromyoma and broomsymptom of myometrial gland.The prevalence rates differed among different educational background levels.Conclusions Most gynaecological diseases can be detected early,diagnosed early,and treated well early by routine gynecologic examination.The personal capacity of FCM should be improved,the health education be enhanced,and other comprehensive measures for preventive health care,like the friendly environment for health promotion,should be established to ensure FCMs＇health status.