唯物史观的理论视域和现实旨归——再读《德意志意识形态·费尔巴哈》中“未誊清稿Ⅰ”

The Theory and Practice of Historical Materialism——Re-reading "Unclear Copy I" of the Chapter "Ludwig Feuerback" from German Ideology

"唯物史观"或"历史唯物主义"已经成为当代思想界讨论最多、分歧最大,甚至可以说说法最混乱的议题之一。在相当多的论者那里,其已经脱离了其创立者——马克思、恩格斯及其阐释载体——那些蕴涵深邃但非常散乱的文本,独立而抽象地成为一种可以随意掺杂、涵摄和剔除任何内容的"大口袋"或"大熔炉"。有鉴于此,回到马克思的文本序列中,追溯其不同阶段的思想运演、具体阐发和论证逻辑,是比原理性的表述更为"鲜活"的思想史佐证、评判依据和发展基础。本文详细梳理了《德意志意识形态.费尔巴哈》中"未誊清稿Ⅰ"对这一问题的论述,从中可以展示出历史唯物主义宽广的理论视野和鲜明的现实旨归。

Historical materialism is widely discussed and diverged. In fact many discussions have been away from Marx,Engels as well as the text,so we must turn to the text by Marx,trace the ideological evolution in different stages,explain in detail and demonstrate logically,which is the evidence of ideological history,gist of comments and basis for development. This paper sorts out discourses on ＂Unclear Copy I＂ of the Chapter ＂Ludwig Feuerback＂ from German Ideology from which theory and practice of historical materialism can be perceived.