新疆地区3120例食管癌患者临床资料分析

Clinical dates analysis of 3120 patients with esophageal carcinoma in Xinjiang areas

目的分析新疆地区经病理确诊的3120例食管癌患者的临床资料,以探讨新疆地区食管癌患者独特的临床特征。方法选择疆医科大学第一附属医院1993-2009年间经病理学确诊的3 120例食管癌患者的病历资料,对其年龄、性别、族别、发病部位、病理类型、病理分级等临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 （1）食管癌好发于50~59岁,男性多见（74.6%）,女性占23.6%。（2）汉族、哈萨克族患者构成比高（分别为42.1%和33.6%）,维吾尔族患者构成比低（21.4%）。（3）发病部位好发于食管中段（71.9%）,上段最少见（6.5%）。（4）在鳞癌、腺鳞癌、粘液癌患者中汉族患者比重大（分别为43.0%、39.3%和51.4%）,哈萨克族患者以腺癌居多（63.0%）。（5）肿瘤分化程度上汉族和维吾尔患者以高分化多见（68.0%和56.1%）,哈萨克族以低分化多见（54.4%）。结论新疆食管癌好发于中老年男性,具有一定的民族分布特征;汉族、哈萨克族人群所占比重较大;病灶部位好发于食管中段,其次为下段;病理类型及分化程度在不同的民族中有所差异。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of esophageal carcinoma detected by pathematology during the past 15 years in Xinjiang regions,and discuss the clinical characteristic of the esophaguses in the regions.Methods Patients with esophageal carcinoma detected by pathologically diagnosed in the first teaching hospital of Xinjiang Medical University during the past 15 years,The ages,sex,nationalities,sites,histological characteristics and classify were retrospectively analyzed.Results（1）The patients of esophageal carcinoma existed mainly among male patients,male（74.6%）,female（23.6%）.（2）Han nationality and Kazak had the high constitutive ratio（42.1%,33.6%）,while the Uygur had the lower rate（21.4%）.（3）In the middle esophagus was the most common,accounted for 71.9%,superior segment（6.5%）.（4）Han nationality had the high constitutive ratio in the groups of sqarmous carcinoma,adenosqarmous and areolar cancer（43%,39.3%,51.4%）.The patients of adenocarcinoma exist mainly among Kazak（63%）.（5） Well-differentiated category was the most common to Han nationality and Uygur（68%,56.1%）,but poorly differentiated category was the most common to Kazak（54.4%）.Conclusion The patients of esophageal carcinoma exists mainly among male patients of middle age and old folks,having the definite ethical characters;Han nationality and Kazak have the high morbidity;in the middle esophagus is the most common（71.9%） then is inferior segment;Obvious difference were observed in histological characteristics and classify of different nationalities.