新疆高盐环境土壤放线菌分离培养基比较

Comparison of Isolation Media for Actinobacteria from Different Saline Environments in Xinjiang,China

根据采样点及其样品相关信息结合近几年对高盐环境放线菌的分离经验,设计出一种含有10%～30%复合盐的CMKA培养基,同时以补充10%～30%复合盐的高氏一号琼脂培养基(GA)、ISP4培养基、淀粉酪素琼脂培养基(SCK)和HV培养基为对照,对采集于新疆阿克陶盐山、罗布泊洼地和阿克苏盐碱地的3份土壤样品利用上述5种培养基进行了分离.结果表明,CMKA培养基分离效果最好,共分离到7个属的放线菌(Actinopolyspora、Streptomonospora、Nocardiopsis、Saccharomonospora、Brevibacterium、Streptomyces和Amycolatopsis),并且获得1个放线菌新种(TRM F103).ISP4、GA、HV和SCK培养基分离效果较差,获得的属级分类单元少.同时,CMKA培养基的出菌率也是最高的,说明比较适合分离高盐环境土壤放线菌,而用于分离普通环境中放线菌的ISP4、GA、HV和SCK培养基则不适于高盐环境放线菌的分离.此外,新疆的高盐环境土壤中存在着丰富的放线菌资源,包括一些新类群的存在.

Five media,namely,CMKA,GA,ISP 4,HV and SCK mixed with NaCl,KCl and MgCl2 at concentrations ranging between 10%～30%（w/V） ,were compared and used to isolate actinobacteria from saline soils in Akesu,Luobopo and Aketao in Xinjiang,China. The results indicated that the CMKA was the best among the five media for isolating actinobacteria. Actinopolyspora,Streptomonospora,Nocardiopsis,Saccharomonospora,Brevibacterium,Streptomyces and Amycolatopsis were isolated by CMKA,including one novel species,named as TRM F103 and belonging to Amycolatopsis. The other four media were found not so good and only four genera were isolated with,namely,Streptomonospora,Actinopolyspora,Nocardiopsis and Streptomyces. So,HV,GA,ISP 4 and SCK were not suitable to isolate actinobacteria from saline environment,but they could be used to isolate actinobacteria from common environment soil. This study also indicated that in the saline soils in this region there were not only abundant actinomycetes,but also some unknown actionobacterial groups existed there.