西双版纳勐养旱季季风常绿阔叶林的林下鸟类群落组成和特点

Composition and Characteristics of Understory Bird Communities in Monsoon Evergreen Broadleaved Forest of Mengyang, Xishuangbanna in the Dry Season

2008年10月-2009年3月,用网捕法对西双版纳勐养季风常绿阔叶林林下鸟类群落进行了研究。共张网15840网·h,捕到林下鸟类90种1423只,隶属28科7目。优势种为银胸丝冠鸟(Serilophus lunatus)、褐脸雀鹛(Alcippe poioicephala)、白喉冠鹎(Alophoixus pallidus)、金眶鹟莺(Seicercus burkii)、白尾蓝地鸲(Cinclidium leucurum)、黑胸鸫(Turdus dissimilis)、棕头幽鹛(Pellorneum ruficeps)、棕胸雅鹛(Trichastoma tickelli)等8种。留鸟为林下鸟类主要成分,其捕获数量,占总数量的89.3%。平均网捕率(9.0±3.7)只/(100网·h),月份变化极显著(χ25,282=,P=0.000);2008年12月平均网捕率最高,为(12.5±1.3)只/(100网·h);2009年2月最低,为(5.2±0.6)只/(100网·h)。林下鸟类群落呈现多物种而低密度特征。画眉科鸟类优势地位不明显。国家二级保护鸟类银胸丝冠鸟是本地区捕获数量最多的鸟,其栖息地需重点保护。

Understory birds in monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest of Mengyang, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan were sampled using mist nets from October 2008 to March 2009. A total of 1423 individuals of 90 species belonging to 28 families and 7 orders were captured, among which there are 8 dominant bird species, i.e., Sliver-breasted Broadbill （Serilophus lunatus）, Brown-cheeked Fulvatta （Alcippe poioicephala）, White-throated Bulbul （Alophoixus pallidus）, Golden-spectacled Warbler （Seicercus burkii）, White-tailed Robin （Cinclidium leucurum）, Black-breasted Thrush （Turdus dissimilis）, Streak-Breasted Jungle Babbler （Pellorneum ruficeps）, and Buff-breasted Jungle Babbler （Trichastoma tickelli）. Resident birds, the major composition of the understory birds, accounted for 89.3 percent of total captures. The mean capture rate was 9.0±3.7 individuals/（100 net-hours） and it differed significantly between months, highest in December 2008 （12.5±1.3）individuals/（100 net·hours）, lowest in February 2009 （5.2±0.6 ） individuals/（100 net·hours）. The most significant characteristic of understory birds in Xishuangbanna is more species abundance and lower species density compared to understory bird composition of South China. Another characteristic is that no obvious dominance pattern was observed in Babbler species. We also noticed that sliver-breasted Broadbill, National Key Protection Bird, is the most abundance species in our captures, thus their habitat require further protection.