2008~2009年邹城市新生儿乙肝疫苗首针与卡介苗接种情况分析

Analysis on Vaccination of First Dose Hepatitis B and BCG Vaccination to the Neonates in Zoucheng City from 2008 to 2009

[目的]了解新生儿乙肝疫苗与卡介苗接种情况。[方法]2008年9月和2009年9月，对邹城市新生儿乙肝疫苗接种情况进行抽查，2010年1月对2008～2009年各级医疗机构新生儿乙肝疫苗接种情况进行调查。[结果]2008～2009年医疗机构分娩新生儿，乙肝疫苗接种率为94．10％，其中2008年为94．21％，2009年为93．99％（P〉0．05）；乙肝疫苗及时接种率为93．77％，其中2008年为93．87％，2009年为93．67％（P〉O．05）；乙肝疫苗未接种的原因主要是新生儿窒息、缺氧等转儿科治疗（占49．46％）和早产、难产（占23．51％）。卡介苗接种率为92．42％，其中2008年为92．42％，2009年为92．43％（P〉0．05），未接种原因主要是新生儿窒息、缺氧等转儿科治疗和早产、难产与发热，分别占58．38％、31．26％、22．25％。2008~2009年抽查420人，卡介苗全部接种；乙肝疫苗接种率为99．29％。其中2008年为99．52％，2009年为99．05％（P〉0．05），未接种者中，2人有禁忌证，1人为计划外生育儿童。[结论]2008～2009年邹城市新生儿乙肝疫苗首针与卡介苗接种率较高。

[Objective]To understand the vaccination of Hepatitis B and BCG among neonates. [Methods]Sample investigation was conducted on vaccination of Hepatitis B in Zoueheng city from September 2008 to September 2009. Survey was conducted on vaccination data of Hepatitis B vaccine at all levels of medical institutions from 2008 to 2009 in January 2010. [Resuits]The Hepatitis B vaccine coverage was 94.10 % at all levels in Zoucheng city, 94.21% in 2008 and 93.99 （ P 〉0.05）in 2009（ P 〉0.05）. The Hepatitis B vaccine timely coverage was 93.77% ,93.87% in 2008 and 93.67% in 2009 （ P 〉0.05）. The reasons for failure in vaccination were pediatric treatment of neonatal asphyxia, and anoxia, account- ing for 49.46% and premature birth and dystocia and fever, accounting for 23.51%. The BCG vaccine coverage was 92.42% ,92.42% in 2008 and 92.43% in 2009 （ P 〉0.05）. The reasons for failure in vaccination were pediatric treatment neonatal asphyxia, anoxia, and fever, accounting for 58.38%, 31.26%, and 22.25% respectively. 420 children were sampled and all BCG vaccination and Hepatitis B Vaccine rates were 99.29 %. The reason for failure in vaccination were contraindications in two cases and one case of child without license. [Conclusion]The first dose of neonatal Hepatitis B and BCG vaccine coverage is high in Zoucheng city from 2008 to 2009.