国家侵权精神损害赔偿基础观念与理性实践研究

Studies on the Foundation Idea of the Spirit Damage Compensation for the Country's Tort and the Rational Practice

《国家赔偿法修正案》(草案)规定了国家侵权的精神损害赔偿,这是国家赔偿制度的重大突破。但精神损害赔偿不是一个简单的法律制度问题,它关系到我国对人格尊严等人格权的重视程度与保护力度,其根本实现依赖于国民关系观念的彻底转变和以人为本核心理念的确立。分析精神损害赔偿的思想观念基础,以确立国家侵权精神损害赔偿的正确理念,从而避免精神损害赔偿"制度空转"的命运,保障其理性实践,使得《国家赔偿法》真正成为公民权利的最后一道保障,实践国家尊重和保障人权,最终构建和谐社会的价值追求。

The Law of the People＇s Republic of China on State Compensation（draft） has stipulated the spirit damage compensation for the state tort,this is the important breakthrough of the state compensation system.However,the spirit damage compensation is not a simple legal regime problem,it relates dignity value degrees and protection dynamics of our country on personal right,its basic realization relies on the thorough transformation of the idea on relation between the state and its people,as well as practice of the idea that the human is the first.This article analyzes the ideological concept foundation of the establishment of the spirit damage compensation,to establish the correct idea of the state spirit damage compensation,avoid the spirit damage compensation＇s ＂system idle operation＂ destiny,to safeguard its rational practice,and makes the ＂the State Compensation Law＂ become the last true safeguard of the citizens rights,finally make the state respect and make sure human rights,and construct harmonious society.