舆论形成的一般过程研究

A STUDY OF THE GENERAL PROCESS OF FORMING PUBLIC OPINION

由于舆论在现代民主社会中地位越来越重要,了解公共舆论形成的一般过程,对政府正确引导舆论、构建和谐社会有着重要的作用。舆论的形成是一个复杂的、动态的过程,大致上包括三个阶段:首先,社会上所发生的特殊事件,或超越、违反社会规范的特殊行为受到关注,从而引发议论,这是舆论的起因;其次,意见在舆论领袖带领下互动与整合,进而在一定群体范围内开始趋同,像无数小溪汇集成几条大的江河;再次,个人的意见、群体的意见在互动、整合、汇集的过程中,受到各权力组织及其领导人和大众传媒的影响,从而进一步形成更大范围的舆论。

Since public opinion plays an increasingly important role in modern democratic society,researches on the course of forming public opinion is important for the government to guide public opinion and build harmonious society.The forming of public opinion is a complicated and dynamic course which involves 3 stages： firstly,the cause of public opinion.Public discussions will be stimulated when something special happens in society,or some things that violate the social rules are paid great attention to;secondly,in certain groups,under the leading of public opinion leader,different opinions interact with each other and become parallel just like countless streams converge to be several rivers;thirdly,in the course of interacting and converging,individual opinion and the opinion of a group are also influenced by scalar organizations,the leaders of these organizations and mass communication and therefore public opinion on a larger scale will be formed.But it is not necessary for the forming of public opinion to experience all of the three stages.